European and NATO leaders announced Aug. 17 they will join Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Washington to present a united front in talks with President Donald Trump on ending Russia’s war in Ukraine and firming up U.S. security guarantees now on the negotiating table.
Leaders from Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Finland are rallying around the Ukrainian president after his exclusion from Mr. Trump’s summit on Aug. 15 with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Their pledge to be at Mr. Zelenskyy’s side at the White House on Aug. 18 is an apparent effort to ensure the meeting goes better than the last one in February, when Mr. Trump berated Mr. Zelenskyy in a heated Oval Office encounter.
“The Europeans are very afraid of the Oval Office scene being repeated and so they want to support Mr. Zelenskyy to the hilt,” said retired French Gen. Dominique Trinquand, a former head of France’s military mission at the United Nations.
“It’s a power struggle and a position of strength that might work with Trump,” he said.
Mr. Putin agreed at his summit in Alaska with Mr. Trump that the U.S. and its European allies could offer Ukraine a security guarantee resembling NATO’s collective defense mandate as part of an eventual deal to end the 3 1/2-year war, special U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff said in an interview Aug. 17 on CNN’s “State of the Union.”
It “was the first time we had ever heard the Russians agree to that,” said Mr. Witkoff, who called it “game-changing.”
Later, French President Emmanuel Macron said the European delegation will ask Mr. Trump to back plans they drafted to beef up Ukraine’s armed forces – already Europe’s largest outside of Russia – with more training and equipment to secure any peace.
“We need a credible format for the Ukrainian army, that’s the first point, and say – we Europeans and Americans – how we’ll train them, equip them, and finance this effort in the long-term,” the French leader said.
The European-drafted plans also envision an allied force in Ukraine away from the front lines to reassure Kyiv that peace will hold and to dissuade another Russian invasion, Mr. Macron said. He spoke after a nearly two-hour video call Aug. 17 with nations in Europe and further afield – including Canada, Australia, and Japan – that are involved in the so-called “coalition of the willing.”
The “several thousand men on the ground in Ukraine in the zone of peace” would signal that “our fates are linked,” Mr. Macron said.
“This is what we must discuss with the Americans: Who is ready to do what?” Mr. Macron said. “Otherwise, I think the Ukrainians simply cannot accept commitments that are theoretical.”
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said earlier at a news conference in Brussels with Mr. Zelenskyy that “we welcome President Trump’s willingness to contribute to Article 5-like security guarantees for Ukraine. And the ‘coalition of the willing’ – including the European Union – is ready to do its share.”
Mr. Macron said the substance of security guarantees will be more important than whether they are given an Article 5-type label.
“A theoretical article isn’t enough, the question is one of substance,” he said. “We must start out by saying that the first of the security guarantees for Ukraine is a strong Ukrainian army.”
Along with Ms. Von der Leyen and Mr. Macron, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni, and Finnish President Alexander Stubb also said they will take part in the Aug. 18 talks, as will secretary-general of the NATO military alliance, Mark Rutte.
The European leaders’ support could help ease concerns in Kyiv and in other European capitals that Ukraine risks being railroaded into a peace deal.
Neil Melvin, director of international security at the London-based Royal United Services Institute, said European leaders are trying to “shape this fast-evolving agenda.” After the Alaska summit, the idea of a ceasefire appears all-but-abandoned, with the narrative shifting toward Mr. Putin’s agenda of ensuring Ukraine does not join NATO or even the EU.
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on NBC’s “Meet the Press” on Aug. 17 that a possible ceasefire is “not off the table” but that the best way to end the war would be through a “full peace deal.”
Mr. Putin has implied that he sees Europe as a hindrance to negotiations. He has also resisted meeting Mr. Zelenskyy in person, saying that such a meeting can only take place once the groundwork for a peace deal has been laid.
Speaking to the press after his meeting with Mr. Trump, the Russian leader raised the idea that Kyiv and other European capitals could “create obstacles” to derail potential progress with “behind-the-scenes intrigue.”
For now, Mr. Zelenskyy offers the Europeans the “only way” to get into the discussions about the future of Ukraine and European security, says RUSI’s Mr. Melvin.
However, the sheer number of European leaders potentially in attendance means the group will have to be “mindful” not to give “contradictory” messages, Mr. Melvin said.
“The risk is they look heavy-handed and are ganging up on Trump,” he added. “Trump won’t want to be put in a corner.”
Although details remain hazy on what Article 5-like security guarantees from the U.S. and Europe would entail for Ukraine, it could mirror NATO membership terms, in which an attack on one member of the alliance is seen as an attack on all.
Mr. Zelenskyy continues to stress the importance of both U.S. and European involvement in any negotiations.
“A security guarantee is a strong army. Only Ukraine can provide that. Only Europe can finance this army, and weapons for this army can be provided by our domestic production and European production. But there are certain things that are in short supply and are only available in the United States,” he said at the press conference Aug. 17 alongside Ms. Von der Leyen.
Mr. Zelenskyy also pushed back against Mr. Trump’s assertion – which aligned with Mr. Putin’s preference – that the two sides should negotiate a complete end to the war, rather than first securing a ceasefire. Mr. Zelenskyy said a ceasefire would provide breathing room to review Mr. Putin’s demands.
“It’s impossible to do this under the pressure of weapons,” he said. “Putin does not want to stop the killing, but he must do it.”
– Leicester reported from Le Pecq, France. Associated Press writers Pan Pylas in London, and Katie Marie Davies in Manchester, England, contributed to this report.
